The EU has one directly elected institution, the European Parliament. Other top posts are filled by elections inside the institutions. This guide covers each one: how it works and the latest result.
| Date | What happens |
|---|---|
| Jun 6–9, 2024 | European Parliament elections in all 27 member states (720 seats) |
| Jun 27, 2024 | European Council elects António Costa as its President and proposes Ursula von der Leyen for Commission President |
| Jul 16, 2024 | Roberta Metsola re-elected President of the European Parliament |
| Jul 18, 2024 | Parliament elects Ursula von der Leyen Commission President (401 votes for) |
| Nov 27, 2024 | Parliament approves the new College of Commissioners (370 for) |
| Dec 1, 2024 | New Commission and European Council President take office |
| Early 2027 | Next: mid-term election of the European Parliament President Pending: date not announced. |
| May 31, 2027 | End of António Costa’s first term (renewable once) Pending: no decision announced on a second term. |
| 2029 | Next European Parliament elections Pending: dates not yet set. |
Sources: EP results · European Council · all sources